In a drier world, some infectious diseases are unexpectedly thriving

kAm%96 H@C=5 92D 364@>6 9@EE6C 2?5[ :? >2?J A=246D[ 5C:6C E92? 6G6C 367@C6 :? C64@C565 9:DE@CJ] yFDE E9:D DF>>6C[ 2D D@>6 &]$] DE2E6D 32EE=65 @G6C C:89ED E@ E96 r@=@C25@ #:G6C[ >2;@C C6D6CG@:CD H6C6 2E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]E968F2C5:2?]4@>^FD\?6HD^a_ae^;F=^b`^4@=@C25@\C:G6C\H2E6C\4FEDQm9:DE@C:42==J\=@H =6G6=Dk^2m] x? !F6CE@ #:4@[ 6IE6?565 5C@F89E 6I246C32E65 2? :?7C2DECF4EFC6 4C:D:D[ =62G:?8 C6D:56?ED E@ DF776C k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]E968F2C5:2?]4@>^FD\?6HD^a_ae^;F=^`b^AF6CE@\C:4@\H2E6C\D9@CE286DQmH66<D\=@?8 DEC6E496D H:E9@FE H2E6Ck^2m] x? tFC@A6[ E96 s2?F36 2?5 #9:?6 C:G6CD C624965 C64@C5 =@HD[ 42FD:?8 ?F4=62C A=2?ED E@ D9FE 5@H?[ 56G2DE2E:?8 4C@AD[ 2?5 C6G62=:?8 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]4??]4@>^a_ae^_f^b`^4=:>2E6^D9C:?<:?8\C:G6CD\C6G62=\A2DE\C6=:4D\:?\6FC@A6Qm=@?8\=@DE C6=:4D 7C@> ((xxk^2m] |@C6 E92? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]E968F2C5:2?]4@>^6?G:C@?>6?E^a_ae^2F8^`f^6FC@A62?\72C>6CD\F?AC64656?E65\4C:D:D\DF446DD:G6\962EH2G6DQme_T @7 72C>=2?5k^2m :? xE2=J :D 27764E65 3J 4C:E:42= 5C@F89E]k^Am

kAmt>6C8:?8 C6D62C49 D9@HD E92E 2 5C:6C H@C=5 :D @7E6? 2 D:4<6C @?6[ E@@[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^8C:DE]@C8^QmvC:DEk^2m C6A@CED] p ?6H A2A6C[ AF3=:D965 :? pF8FDE :? E96 ;@FC?2= %C6?5D :? t4@=@8J 2?5 tG@=FE:@?[ E2<6D DE@4< @7 ?62C=J `__ D4:6?E:7:4 DEF5:6D @7 5:D62D6D 7@F?5 E9C@F89@FE E96 2?:>2= <:?85@> — 7C@> 9F>2?D E@ =2C86 >2>>2=D[ 7:D9[ 2>A9:3:2?D[ 2?5 :?D64ED — E@ C6G62= 9@H 5C@F89E 42? 96=A 5625=J :?764E:@?D 2?5 A2C2D:E6D DAC625]k^Am

kAm%96 >2;@C:EJ @7 9F>2? A2C2D:E6D 2?5 >2?J A2E9@86?D ?665 H2E6C E@ E9C:G6] p?5 H9:=6 42D6D @7 D@>6 :?764E:@FD 5:D62D6D — =:<6 D49:DE@D@>:2D:D[ 2 52?86C@FD 7=2EH@C> :?764E:@? 2=D@ <?@H? 2D D?2:= 76G6C[ 2?5 >2=2C:2 — D@>6E:>6D 72== 5C2>2E:42==J H96? A@?5D 2?5 =2<6D 5CJ FA[ @E96CD — =:<6 49@=6C2[ (6DE }:=6 G:CFD[ 2?5 56?8F6 — 6?5 FA 3@@>:?8]k^Am

kAm%9:D :D 42==65 E96 “5C@F89E\5:D62D6 A2C25@I[” D2:5 %2C2 $E6H2CE |6CC:==[ 2? 2BF2E:4 5:D62D6 64@=@8:DE 2E E96 r2CJ x?DE:EFE6 @7 t4@DJDE6> $EF5:6D 2?5 4@2FE9@C @7 E96 A2A6C] “xE’D D@ 4@F?E6C:?EF:E:G6[” D96 D2:5] “(6 E9:?< 2 H2E6C\3@C?6 5:D62D6 D9@F=5 E9C:G6 @?=J H96? E96C6’D A=6?EJ @7 H2E6C[ 3FE :? D@>6 42D6D E96J E9C:G6 H96? E96C6’D =6DD H2E6C]”k^Am

kAm$96 2?5 96C 4@==23@C2E@C 2?5 4@2FE9@C[ !:6E6C y@9?D@?[ 2 AC@76DD@C 2E E96 &?:G6CD:EJ @7 r@=@C25@ q@F=56C[ 3642>6 :?E6C6DE65 :? 9@H 5C@F89E H@F=5 27764E E96D6 A2E9@86?D D6G6C2= J62CD 28@ H9:=6 DEF5J:?8 A2C2D:E6D :? A@?5 64@DJDE6>D :? r2=:7@C?:2] $F556?=J[ $E6H2CE |6CC:== D2:5[ >@C6 E92? 92=7 @7 E96:C DEF5J D:E6D 5C:65 FA]k^Am

kAm“q6J@?5 5C@F89E D4C6H:?8 FA @FC DEF5J[ H6 E96? DE2CE65 92G:?8 4@?G6CD2E:@?D 23@FE 9@H 5C@F89E >:89E 36 D92A:?8 5:D62D6 EC2?D>:DD:@? :? 64@DJDE6>D 2C@F?5 E96 A=2?6E[” $E6H2CE |6CC:== D2:5]k^Am

kAm#6D62C49 @? 4=:>2E6 492?86 2?5 :?764E:@FD 5:D62D6 :D 2 C6=2E:G6=J J@F?8 3FE 72DE 8C@H:?8 7:6=5] &?E:= C646?E=J[ >2?J DEF5:6D 7@4FD65 @? 9@H C:D:?8 E6>A6C2EFC6D[ 3FE ?@E 5C@F89E[ 27764E E96 DAC625 @7 5:D62D6D[ $E6H2CE |6CC:== D2:5]k^Am

kAm}@H[ E96:C A2A6C D9@HD 9@H D4:6?E:DED 2C6 368:??:?8 E@ F?E2?8=6 E96 4@>A=6I:E:6D @7 5:D62D6D 2?5 E96 H2E6C 4J4=6] &?56CDE2?5:?8 9@H 5C@F89E 27764ED E96 DAC625 @7 46CE2:? 5:D62D6D 4@F=5 2=D@ 96=A D4:6?E:DED 36EE6C AC65:4E H9:49 5:D62D6D H:== DAC625 2?5 36 E96 >@DE AC@3=6>2E:4 7@C 9F>2?D :? E96 7FEFC6]k^Am

kAmpD 7@DD:= 7F6=D H2C> E96 A=2?6E 2?5 492?86 E96 4=:>2E6[ E96 9@EE6C 2E>@DA96C6 DF4<D >@C6 H2E6C 7C@> E96 =2?5D42A6 2?5 9@=5D @?E@ :E =@?86C[ =625:?8 E@ >@C6 :?E6?D6 2?5 AC@=@?865 5C@F89ED] p44@C5:?8 E@ 2 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^5C:G6]8@@8=6]4@>^7:=6^5^`rDp?bB~d:s_tbub68e~$>gc55Iz\rh%G^G:6HnA=:l`Qm&?:E65 }2E:@?D C6A@CEk^2m[ ff A6C46?E @7 E96 H@C=5 :D 5C:6C E92? :E H2D E9C66 564256D 28@]k^Am

kAm%96 4@?D6BF6?46D 7@C 9F>2? 962=E9 92G6 2=C625J 366? 76=E] sC@F89ED :? r2=:7@C?:2 E9C@F89@FE E96 a___D =65 E@ E9@FD2?5D @7 6I46DD 42D6D @7 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^8C:DE]@C8^962=E9^G2==6J\76G6C\2C:K@?2\7F?8FD\4=:>2E6\492?86^QmG2==6J 76G6Ck^2m[ 2?5 :? a_`c[ 2 DFA6C5C@F89E 4@?EC:3FE65 E@ E96 DE2E6’D D64@?5\9:896DE 42D6D @7 (6DE }:=6 G:CFD] x? a_`f[ 2 5C@F89E :? $@>2=:2 =65 E@ ?62C=J g_[___ 42D6D @7 49@=6C2[ H9:49 <:==65 >@C6 E92? 2 E9@FD2?5 A6@A=6] p?5 :? qC2K:=[ H96C6 >:==:@?D 2C6 277=:4E65 H:E9 56?8F6 6249 J62C[ C6D62C496CD 92G6 7@F?5 E92E E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^AF3>65]?43:]?=>]?:9]8@G^bbgbgfbe^QmC:D< @7 :?764E:@?k^2m 42? C:D6 2 76H >@?E9D 27E6C 5C@F89E]k^Am

kAm%C24<:?8 5:D62D6 :D 7F?52>6?E2==J 23@FE E96 >@G6>6?E @7 2?:>2=D E92E 42CCJ :E[ D2:5 v6@C8:2 %:E4@>3[ 2 H:=5=:76 5:D62D6 64@=@8:DE 2?5 2DD:DE2?E AC@76DD@C 2E r@=@C25@ $E2E6 &?:G6CD:EJ]k^Am

kAm“%9C@F89@FE 9:DE@CJ[ =:G:?8 E9:?8D 92G6 366? >@G:?8 E@ 86E H2E6C[ 2?5 D@ H96? E96C6 2C6 >2DD:G6 492?86D E@ E96 H2J H2E6C :D 5:DEC:3FE65 @? E96 =2?5D42A6[ H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 2=D@ 6IA64E 3:8 492?86D :? E96 H2JD 2?:>2=D >@G6 E@ 2446DD E92E H2E6C[” D96 D2:5] “%92E’D 8@:?8 E@ C6>@G6 D@>6 @AA@CEF?:E:6D 7@C EC2?D>:DD:@?[ 2?5 :?EC@5F46 ?6H @?6D E@@]”k^Am

kAmu@C 6I2>A=6[ %:E4@>3 D2:5[ A:4EFC6 H2E6C:?8 9@=6D :? E96 p7C:42? D2G2??29[ DFCC@F?565 3J 2?:>2=D =:<6 K63C2D[ 6=6A92?ED[ C9:?@D[ 2?5 8:C2776D] sFC:?8 5C@F89ED[ D@>6 @7 E96> 5CJ FA] |@C6 2?:>2=D 4C@H5 2C@F?5 E96 C6>2:?:?8 A@@=D] %96D6 4C@H565 2C62D 2C6 2=D@ 7F== @7 5F?8 7C@> E9@D6 2?:>2=D[ >2<:?8 :E 62D:6C 7@C A2C2D:E6D E92E =2J E96:C 688D :? 7646D E@ DAC625 2?5 E9C:G6[ 2?5 >@C6 =:<6=J E92E E96 2?:>2=D H:== 6?4@F?E6C A2C2D:E6D]k^Am

kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2EFC6]4@>^2CE:4=6D^Dc`cef\_a`\afbda\JnFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E6504@?E6?EU2>AjFE>0D@FC46lwtp{%wU2>AjFE>0>65:F>l4@>>F?:E:6DQm%:E4@>3’D A2A6Ck^2m[ :?4=F565 :? E96 ?6H C6G:6H[ 7@F?5 E92E 27E6C A6C:@5D H:E9 =6DD C2:?72==[ A2C2D:E6D E9C:G65 — H:E9 >@C6 E92? `__[___ 688D 7@F?5 A6C 6249 <:=@8C2> @7 5F?8]k^Am

kAm#6D62C49 :? @E96C 2C62D 92D 7@F?5 D:>:=2C 5J?2>:4Di (96? 5C@F89E C6DF=ED :? 76H6C 3@5:6D @7 H2E6C[ 3:C5D 42CCJ:?8 (6DE }:=6 G:CFD 42? 4@>6 :?E@ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^A>4]?43:]?=>]?:9]8@G^2CE:4=6D^!|r`ac_cg_`^Qm4=@D6C 4@?E24Ek^2m H:E9 >@DBF:E@D[ C6DF=E:?8 :? >@C6 >@DBF:E@D E92E 42CCJ E96 5:D62D6 2?5 42? :?764E 9F>2?D] sC@F89E 42? 2=D@ >2<6 3@5:6D @7 H2E6C H2C>6C[ 4C62E:?8 4@?5:E:@?D :? H9:49 D@>6 52?86C@FD >@=5[ 2=826[ 2?5 324E6C:2 42? E9C:G6]k^Am

kAmx? @E96C 42D6D[ 5C@F89E 42? 5:>:?:D9 5:D62D6] w@EE6C[ D2=E:6C[ 2?5 =6DD @IJ86?2E65 H2E6C 42? 364@>6 F?DFCG:G23=6 7@C 46CE2:? A2E9@86?D[ 324E6C:2[ 7F?8FD[ 2?5 A2C2D:E6D[ E96 A2A6C 7@F?5]k^Am

kAm%96 D6G6C:EJ @7 E96 5C@F89E 2=D@ >2EE6CD] ':3C:@ GF=?:7:4FD[ 2 324E6C:2 E92E :?764ED @JDE6CD 2?5 42FD6D g_[___ 42D6D @7 7@@5 A@:D@?:?8 :? E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D 6249 J62C[ :?:E:2==J DAC625D 5FC:?8 2 5C@F89E 3FE 42? 36 6=:>:?2E65 6?E:C6=J :7 :E 8@6D @? =@?8 6?@F89]k^Am

kAmp?5 962GJ A6C:@5D @7 AC64:A:E2E:@? 42? 2=D@ >2<6 2? @FE3C62< H@CD6 H96? 2 5C@F89E 6G6?EF2==J 4@>6D[ D2:5 $2>2?E92 $2>325@[ 2 3:@=@8:DE 2?5 A@DE5@4E@C2= C6D62C496C 2E $E2?7@C5 &?:G6CD:EJ H9@ H2D ?@E 277:=:2E65 H:E9 E96 DEF5J] %9:D A96?@>6?@?[ <?@H? 2D ‘H62E96C H9:A=2D9[’ :D 364@>:?8 :?4C62D:?8=J 4@>>@? 2D E96 A=2?6E H2C>D]k^Am

kAm%96 7F?8FD E92E 42FD6D G2==6J 76G6C[ 7@C 6I2>A=6[ 8C@HD 5FC:?8 H6E H:?E6CD[ 2?5 E96? 5C:6D 2?5 DAC625D 2D H:?5\3@C?6 5FDE :? E96 DF>>6C[ D96 D2:5] “xE’D 2 4=2DD:4 42D6 @7[ 4=:>2E6 492?86 H:== >2<6 E9:D H@CD6[” D96 D2:5]k^Am

kAm%96 ?6H A2A6C D965D :>A@CE2?E =:89E @? E96D6 5J?2>:4D[ $2>325@ D2:5] “xE’D 8@:?8 E@ 36 C62==J 7@F?52E:@?2= 7@C 9@H H6 E6249 5:D62D6 64@=@8J[” D96 D2:5]k^Am

kAmx? E96 4@>:?8 J62CD[ :>AC@G6>6?ED :? D2E6==:E6 >@?:E@C:?8 E649?@=@8J 4@F=5 >2<6 :E 62D:6C 7@C D4:6?E:DED E@ EC24< H2E6C 2D :E D9:7ED 2C@F?5 E96 A=2?6E[ D96 D2:5] !2J:?8 2EE6?E:@? E@ 9@H 9F>2?D C6DA@?5 E@ 5C@F89E 2?5 >2?:AF=2E6 E96 >@G6>6?E @7 t2CE9’D H2E6C H:== 364@>6 :?4C62D:?8=J :>A@CE2?E[ E@@i qF:=5:?8 52>D @C FD:?8 >@C6 :CC:82E:@? @? 4C@AD 42? 4C62E6 4@?5:E:@?D E92E DAC625 @C 7@DE6C 5:D62D6] x?4C62D:?8=J F?AC65:4E23=6 H62E96C 42? >2<6 :E 92C56C 7@C 4@>>F?:E:6D E@ >2?286 E96:C H2E6C H:E9 5:D62D6 AC6G6?E:@? :? >:?5]k^Am

kAm“(2E6C E@F496D 2=>@DE 6G6CJ 2DA64E @7 =:76[” $2>325@ D2:5] “w@H 5@ H6 >2?286 E9:D C6D@FC46[ <?@H:?8 E96 7FEFC6 H:== 36 H2C>6Cn”k^Am

kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^8C:DE]@C8^5C@F89E^6G6?\:?\5C@F89ED\E96D6\H2E6C3@C?6\5:D62D6D\42?\3@@>^Qmk6>m%9:D DE@CJk^6>mk^2m k6>mH2D AC@5F465 3Jk^6>m k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^8C:DE]@C8^Qmk6>mvC:DEk^6>mk^2m k6>m2?5 C6G:6H65 2?5 5:DEC:3FE65 3Jk^6>m k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^9F3D]=2^"_b<=8$#_Q C6=lQ?@7@==@HQmk6>m$E24<6Ck^6>mk^2m]k^Am