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Photos: Remembering the 1871 Peshtigo Fire
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Top Story Spotlight

Photos: Remembering the 1871 Peshtigo Fire

  • Oct 8, 2025
  • Oct 8, 2025 Updated Feb 3, 2026

On Oct. 8, 1871, as the Great Chicago Fire roared 250 miles to the south, an even greater inferno was unfolding in and around Peshtigo, where more than a million acres were obliterated. Considered the deadliest fire in United States history, the wind-whipped blaze turned every building in the community to ash and destroyed 16 other towns. The number of dead has been estimated at between 1,200 and 2,400 people, although some historians argue the figure could be higher.

Peshtigo map.jpg

Bird's eye view of Peshtigo, Wisconsin Sept. 1871.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
Peshtigo Fire

A monument dedicating the bridge in Peshtigo points out the importance of the river and the fundamental change the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 brought to the Marinette County community. Many people fled into the river in an attempt to escape the inferno. 

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

An artist's rendering of the Peshtigo Fire, October 8, 1871. As the wind-whipped fire raged through town, people fled to the river, where hundreds drowned.

THE CAPTIAL TIMES ARCHIVES
Peshtigo fire

Engraved view of Peshtigo Fire showing people trying to escape the flames by boat and on horseback. A team of cattle also seek refuge and several birds take flight to escape the fire.

WISCONSIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY
Peshtigo fire

Aftermath of the Peshtigo Fire. Image from the Wisconsin Historical Society, #2828.

WISCONSIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY
092321_peshtigo_12-09292021085314

The tabernacle that Father Pernin saved during the Peshtigo Fire in 1871, on display at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo.

092321_peshtigo_11-09232021153246

A mural of the 1871 fire in Peshtigo adorns the side of Peshtigo Pharmacy on French Street in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_05-09232021153246

A petrified and charred Bible was found after the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 and is on display with a variety of other artifacts at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
1871: The Great Chicago Fire

An artist’s depiction of the Great Chicago Fire in 1871. The same day, a far bigger conflagration erupted in Peshtigo, Wisconsin, and in several communities in Michigan.

AP
092321_peshtigo_11-09232021153246

A mural of the 1871 fire in Peshtigo adorns the side of Peshtigo Pharmacy on French Street in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_05-09232021153246

A petrified and charred Bible was found after the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 and is on display with a variety of other artifacts at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_11-09232021153246

A mural of the 1871 fire in Peshtigo adorns the side of Peshtigo Pharmacy on French Street in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_05-09232021153246

A petrified and charred Bible was found after the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 and is on display with a variety of other artifacts at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL

PESHTIGO — The three-bedroom, two-bath house on this city’s east side blends into the neighborhood.

The front door of 150 S. Beebe Ave. is adorned with a Green Bay Packers welcome sign. The walkway is framed by a pair of maple trees.

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Peshtigo Fire

Wade Schenk stands on the porch of his home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo. When fire tore through the city in 1871, the home, which was under construction, was charred but remained standing. It's the only structure that survived the devastating and deadly fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Peshtigo Fire

Artifacts from the home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo include a charred piece of lumber. Pieces of charred wood remain on the home, which was under construction in 1871.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Peshtigo Fire

This new monument will be dedicated Friday outside the Peshtigo Fire Museum. The event will take place 150 years to the day of the fire that destroyed the northeastern Wisconsin city and surrounding region.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Peshtigo Fire

Visitors walk through the cemetery where many victims of the Peshtigo Fire are buried. Located next to the museum, the cemetery is also home to a mass grave filled with the remains of an estimated 350 people who died in the fire but who could not be identified.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Peshtigo Fire

A large mural on the back wall of the Peshtigo Fire Museum attempts to depict the horror of Oct. 8, 1871, when a wind-fueled fire tore across northeastern Wisconsin. The massive blaze killed between 1,200 and 2,400 people, including 800 in Peshtigo. Many of those who survived fled into the Peshtigo River.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Peshtigo Fire

A portrait of Father Peter Pernin hangs on the wall of the Peshtigo Fire Museum. Pernin wrote detailed and lengthy accounts of the fire. 

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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#9525_092921_Peshtigo fire copy
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Peshtigo Fire

A mass grave holds the remains of an estimated 350 victims of the 1871 Peshtigo Fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Peshtigo Fire

Pauline King, a volunteer docent, gives a tour at the Peshtigo Fire Museum. The tabernacle from the Catholic church, which can be seen behind King, was removed from the church by a priest. The tabernacle, which held the host and a chalice, was found days after the fire floating in the river.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Peshtigo Fire

A monument dedicating the bridge in Peshtigo points out the importance of the river and the fundamental change the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 brought to the Marinette County community. Many people fled into the river in an attempt to escape the inferno. 

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
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Photos: The 1871 Peshtigo Fire

Peshtigo Fire

This new monument will be dedicated Friday outside the Peshtigo Fire Museum. The event will take place 150 years to the day of the fire that destroyed the northeastern Wisconsin city and surrounding region.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo marker, 1951

Survivors of the Peshtigo Fire meet 80 years later in 1951 to dedicate a historical marker in Peshtigo on the 80th anniversary of the blaze that 

WISCONSIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY
Peshtigo Fire

A portrait of Father Peter Pernin hangs on the wall of the Peshtigo Fire Museum. Pernin wrote detailed and lengthy accounts of the fire. 

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_12-09292021085314

The tabernacle that Father Pernin saved during the Peshtigo Fire in 1871, on display at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo.

Peshtigo Fire

A monument dedicating the bridge in Peshtigo points out the importance of the river and the fundamental change the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 brought to the Marinette County community. Many people fled into the river in an attempt to escape the inferno. 

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_04-09232021153246

Visitors, from left, Vicki Morris, Bruce Topp and Bruce Morris all of Edgerton, Wisconsin, read through an exhibit at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

A mass grave holds the remains of an estimated 350 victims of the 1871 Peshtigo Fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

A large mural on the back wall of the Peshtigo Fire Museum attempts to depict the horror of Oct. 8, 1871, when a wind-fueled fire tore across northeastern Wisconsin. The massive blaze killed between 1,200 and 2,400 people, including 800 in Peshtigo. Many of those who survived fled into the Peshtigo River.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_11-09232021153246

A mural of the 1871 fire in Peshtigo adorns the side of Peshtigo Pharmacy on French Street in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Visitors walk through the cemetery where many victims of the Peshtigo Fire are buried. Located next to the museum, the cemetery is also home to a mass grave filled with the remains of an estimated 350 people who died in the fire but who could not be identified.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_05-09232021153246

A petrified and charred Bible was found after the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 and is on display with a variety of other artifacts at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_02-09232021153246

Volunteer curator Pauline King at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Wade Schenk stands on the porch of his home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo. When fire tore through the city in 1871, the home, which was under construction, was charred but remained standing. It's the only structure that survived the devastating and deadly fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_10-09232021153246

Exhibits ranging from the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 to classroom and apothecary exhibits showing what life was like in Peshtigo around that time, fill the first floor and basement at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Artifacts from the home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo include a charred piece of lumber. Pieces of charred wood remain on the home, which was under construction in 1871.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Pauline King, a volunteer docent, gives a tour at the Peshtigo Fire Museum. The tabernacle from the Catholic church, which can be seen behind King, was removed from the church by a priest. The tabernacle, which held the host and a chalice, was found days after the fire floating in the river.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Historical marker

A Wisconsin Historical Society marker in the Fire Cemetery in downtown Peshtigo tells the story of the Peshtigo Fire. Earlier estimates of the number of lives lost have been increased as the fire has been more closely studied. It's believed as many as 2,500 people were killed in the firestorm the night of Oct. 8, 1871. More people died in the Peshtigo Fire than any other wildfire in U.S. history.

Jason Maloney/For Agri-View
Museum

The Peshtigo Fire Museum stands along Oconto Avenue in Peshtigo, Wisconsin. The museum houses artifacts and tells the story of the great Peshtigo Fire of 1871. The building was a church until 1963. Visit www.peshtigofiremuseum.com for more information.

Jason Maloney/For Agri-View
Peshtigo Fire

An artist's rendering of the Peshtigo Fire, October 8, 1871. As the wind-whipped fire raged through town, people fled to the river, where hundreds drowned.

THE CAPTIAL TIMES ARCHIVES
092321_peshtigo_04-09232021153246

Visitors, from left, Vicki Morris, Bruce Topp and Bruce Morris all of Edgerton, Wisconsin, read through an exhibit at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

A mass grave holds the remains of an estimated 350 victims of the 1871 Peshtigo Fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

A large mural on the back wall of the Peshtigo Fire Museum attempts to depict the horror of Oct. 8, 1871, when a wind-fueled fire tore across northeastern Wisconsin. The massive blaze killed between 1,200 and 2,400 people, including 800 in Peshtigo. Many of those who survived fled into the Peshtigo River.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_11-09232021153246

A mural of the 1871 fire in Peshtigo adorns the side of Peshtigo Pharmacy on French Street in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Visitors walk through the cemetery where many victims of the Peshtigo Fire are buried. Located next to the museum, the cemetery is also home to a mass grave filled with the remains of an estimated 350 people who died in the fire but who could not be identified.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_05-09232021153246

A petrified and charred Bible was found after the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 and is on display with a variety of other artifacts at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_02-09232021153246

Volunteer curator Pauline King at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Wade Schenk stands on the porch of his home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo. When fire tore through the city in 1871, the home, which was under construction, was charred but remained standing. It's the only structure that survived the devastating and deadly fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_10-09232021153246

Exhibits ranging from the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 to classroom and apothecary exhibits showing what life was like in Peshtigo around that time, fill the first floor and basement at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Artifacts from the home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo include a charred piece of lumber. Pieces of charred wood remain on the home, which was under construction in 1871.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Pauline King, a volunteer docent, gives a tour at the Peshtigo Fire Museum. The tabernacle from the Catholic church, which can be seen behind King, was removed from the church by a priest. The tabernacle, which held the host and a chalice, was found days after the fire floating in the river.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo fire

An image depicting victims of the Peshtigo Fire, on a commemorative stone.

Jason Maloney
092321_peshtigo_04-09232021153246

Visitors, from left, Vicki Morris, Bruce Topp and Bruce Morris all of Edgerton, Wisconsin, read through an exhibit at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

A mass grave holds the remains of an estimated 350 victims of the 1871 Peshtigo Fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

A large mural on the back wall of the Peshtigo Fire Museum attempts to depict the horror of Oct. 8, 1871, when a wind-fueled fire tore across northeastern Wisconsin. The massive blaze killed between 1,200 and 2,400 people, including 800 in Peshtigo. Many of those who survived fled into the Peshtigo River.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_02-09232021153246

Volunteer curator Pauline King at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Wade Schenk stands on the porch of his home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo. When fire tore through the city in 1871, the home, which was under construction, was charred but remained standing. It's the only structure that survived the devastating and deadly fire.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
092321_peshtigo_10-09232021153246

Exhibits ranging from the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 to classroom and apothecary exhibits showing what life was like in Peshtigo around that time, fill the first floor and basement at the Peshtigo Fire Museum in Peshtigo, Wis., Wednesday, Sept. 22, 2021. KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL

KAYLA WOLF STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Artifacts from the home at 150 S. Beebe Ave. in Peshtigo include a charred piece of lumber. Pieces of charred wood remain on the home, which was under construction in 1871.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo Fire

Pauline King, a volunteer docent, gives a tour at the Peshtigo Fire Museum. The tabernacle from the Catholic church, which can be seen behind King, was removed from the church by a priest. The tabernacle, which held the host and a chalice, was found days after the fire floating in the river.

KAYLA WOLF, STATE JOURNAL
Peshtigo fire

An image depicting victims of the Peshtigo Fire, on a commemorative stone.

Jason Maloney

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