Crossing the US-Mexico border is deadlier than ever for migrants. Here's why

kAm%96 yF?6 a_aa 562E9D @7 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]4??]4@>^a_aa^_e^ah^FD^D2?\2?E@?:@\>:8C2?E\ECF4<\562E9D^:?56I]9E>=Qmdb A6@A=6[ G:4E:>D @7 962E DEC@<6k^2m[ :? E96 324< @7 2 EC24E@C\EC2:=6C :? $2? p?E@?:@[ %6I2D[ D9@H E96 52?86CD @7 4C@DD:?8 E96 &]$] D@FE96C? 3@C56C H:E9@FE 2FE9@C:K2E:@?]k^Am

kAmp== @7 E96 5625 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]<C8G]4@>^?6HD^E6I2D\@77:4:2=D\:56?E:7J\2==\db\>:8C2?E\ECF4<\G:4E:>D^Qm42>6 7C@> |6I:4@[ vF2E6>2=2 2?5 w@?5FC2Dk^2m – E96 E9C66 >@DE 4@>>@? @C:8:? 4@F?EC:6D @7 >:8C2?ED 6?4@F?E6C65 3J E96 q@C56C !2EC@= k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A6HC6D62C49]@C8^724E\E2?<^a_a`^``^_h^H92ED\92AA6?:?8\2E\E96\F\D\>6I:4@\3@C56C\:?\f\492CED^Qm:? a_a`k^2m 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]43A]8@G^?6HDC@@>^DE2ED^D@FE9H6DE\=2?5\3@C56C\6?4@F?E6CD\3J\4@>A@?6?EQmD@ 72C :? a_aak^2m]k^Am

kAm$F49 72E2=:E:6D C6DF=E 7C@> EH@ :?E6CD64E:?8 A96?@>6?2] ~?6 :D E96 >2DD:G6 8C@HE9 :? E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E’D A@=:4:?8 DJDE6> :? E96 &]$]\|6I:4@ 3@C56C=2?5D D:?46 E96 >:5\`hh_D] %96 @E96C :D E96 DEC@?8 2?5 AC@7@F?5=J F?6BF2= E:6D 36EH66? E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D 2?5 E96 9@>6 4@F?EC:6D @7 >@DE F?2FE9@C:K65 – @C F?5@4F>6?E65 – >:8C2?ED]k^Am

k9am‘!C6G6?E:@? %9C@F89 s6E6CC6?46’k^9am

kAm$:?46 `hhc[ H96? x 3682? E@ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^G2DD2C]24256>:2]65F^y@D6A9}6G:?DQmC6D62C49 E96 C@@ED 2?5 :>A24ED @7 &]$] 3@C56C 2?5 :>>:8C2E:@? 6?7@C46>6?Ek^2m[ &]$]\|6I:4@ 3@C56C A@=:4:?8 92D C25:42==J 492?865] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]C@FE=6586]4@>^~A6C2E:@?\v2E6<66A6C\2?5\q6J@?5\%96\(2C\~?\x==682=D\2?5\E96\#6>2<:?8^}6G:?D^A^3@@<^hfg_c`dhhehcdQmq68:??:?8 5FC:?8 q:== r=:?E@?’D AC6D:56?4Jk^2m[ E9:D EC2?D7@C>2E:@? 92D :?G@=G65 :?7FD:?8 >2DD:G6 2>@F?ED @7 C6D@FC46D – :? E96 7@C> @7 A6CD@??6=[ E649?@=@8J 2?5 :?7C2DECF4EFC6 – :?E@ 2 >F=E:7246E65 DJDE6> @7 3@C56C 4@?EC@=]k^Am

kAm%96 ?F>36C @7 q@C56C !2EC@= 286?ED 92D 8C@H? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]43A]8@G^D:E6D^5672F=E^7:=6D^2DD6ED^5@4F>6?ED^a_`h\|2C^$E277:?8Ta_u*`hha\u*a_`g]A57Qm7C@> C@F89=J c[a__ :? `hhc E@ >@C6 E92? a_[___ E@52Jk^2m] %JA:42==J[ g_T E@ h_T @7 E96> 2C6 DE2E:@?65 :? E96 &]$] $@FE9H6DE] $A6?5:?8 92D :?4C62D65 2D H6==] x? `hhc[ E96 q@C56C !2EC@=’D 3F586E H2D &$Sc__ >:==:@?] x? a_a`[ :E H2D Sc]h 3:==:@? – 2? 2AAC@I:>2E6=J f__T :?4C62D6 :? :?7=2E:@?\25;FDE65 5@==2CD :? =6DD E92? b_ J62CD]k^Am

kAmr@>A=6>6?E:?8 E96 8C@HE9 :D 2 7656C2= 3@C56C A@=:4:?8 DEC2E68J 42==65 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]9D5=]@C8^nG:6HU2>Aj5:5lfa`gcdQm!C6G6?E:@? %9C@F89 s6E6CC6?46k^2m] x?EC@5F465 :? `hhc[ E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^FEAC6DD]FE6I2D]65F^3@@<D^5F?3=@QmDEC2E68J 4@?46?EC2E6D A@=:4:?8 A6CD@??6=[ DFCG6:==2?46 E649?@=@8J 2?5 :?7C2DECF4EFC6k^2m :? 2?5 2C@F?5 3@C56C 4:E:6D 2?5 E@H?D] xED 8@2= :D E@ AFD9 F?2FE9@C:K65 >:8C2?ED :?E@ C6>@E6 2C62D 492C24E6C:K65 3J 92CD9 2?5 52?86C@FD E6CC2:?[ 7@C4:?8 A6@A=6 E@ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]H2D9:?8E@?A@DE]4@>^@FE=@@<^a_`h^`_^_`^J62CD\@A6C2E:@?\82E6<66A6C\92D\>256\=:76\H@CD6\3@C56C\4@>>F?:E:6D^Qm232?5@? E96:C 677@CED E@ C6249 E96 &?:E65 $E2E6Dk^2m]k^Am

kAmpD k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^4>D?J]@C8^AF3=:42E:@?D^;>9D\a_`h\3@J46\492>36CD\=2F?:FD^Qms@C:D |6:DD?6C[ r=:?E@?’D 9625 @7 x>>:8C2E:@? 2?5 }2EFC2=:K2E:@? $6CG:46[ =2E6C C67=64E65k^2m[ “(6 5:5 36=:6G6 E92E 86@8C2A9J H@F=5 36 2? 2==J E@ FD]”k^Am

kAm&]$] @77:4:2=D 2?E:4:A2E65 E92E F?2FE9@C:K65 3@C56C 4C@DD:?8D “H@F=5 8@ 5@H? E@ 2 EC:4<=6 @?46 A6@A=6 C62=:K65 H92E :E’D =:<6]” x?DE625[ E96 56E6CC6?46 A@=:4J 92D 4@>A6==65 >:8C2?ED E@ E2<6 6G6C 8C62E6C C:D<D[ C6DF=E:?8 :? >@C6 562E9D]k^Am

k9am#:D:?8 562E9 E@==k^9am

kAm%C2G6CD:?8 E96 D@FE96C? 3@C56C=2?5D 92D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^4:EJ=:89ED]4@>^@A6?\>65:2\D6C:6D^5J:?8\E@\=:G6\F\D\:>>:8C2E:@?\8=@32=^Qm=@?8 AC@G65 5625=J 7@C >:8C2?EDk^2m]k^Am

kAmx? E96 =2E6 `g__D[ 7@C 6I2>A=6[ F?2FE9@C:K65 r9:?6D6 :>>:8C2?ED 5:65 :? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?AD]8@G^DF3;64ED^DHD4:6?46^56D6CED]9E>QmE96 56D6CED @7 E96 3@C56C=2?5Dk^2m 2D E96J EC:65 E@ 2G@:5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^F?4AC6DD]@C8^3@@<^hfg_g_fgdccgg^2E\2>6C:42D\82E6D^QmA@=:4:?8 2DD@4:2E65 H:E9 E96 `gga r9:?6D6 tI4=FD:@? p4Ek^2m[ 2 =2H E92E 32CC65 >@DE :>>:8C2?ED 7C@> r9:?2] p?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^HHH]92CE7@C5\9HA]4@>^2C49:G6D^cd^`ab]9E>=Qm:? E96 `hg_D 2?5 `hh_D[ >2?J A6@A=6[ >@DE=J |6I:42? ?2E:@?2=Dk^2m – D@>6E:>6D ?F>36C:?8 :? E96 9F?5C65D – 5:65 2??F2==J ECJ:?8 E@ 6?E6C E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D H:E9@FE 2FE9@C:K2E:@?]k^Am

kAm(:E9 !C6G6?E:@? %9C@F89 s6E6CC6?46[ 9@H6G6C[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]82@]8@G^2DD6ED^82@\_e\ff_]A57Qm562E9D 8C6H >2C<65=Jk^2m]k^Am

kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]43A]8@G^D:E6D^5672F=E^7:=6D^2DD6ED^5@4F>6?ED^a_a`\pF8^&]$]Ta_q@C56CTa_!2EC@=Ta_u:D42=Ta_*62CTa_$@FE9H6DETa_q@C56CTa_$64E@CTa_s62E9DTa_Tagu*Ta_`hhgTa_\Ta_u*Ta_a_a_TahTa_Tagd_gTah]A57Qmp44@C5:?8 E@ &]$] q@C56C !2EC@= DE2E:DE:4Dk^2m[ E96C6 H6C6 2? 2G6C286 @7 bdh 72E2=:E:6D 2??F2==J 7C@> 7:D42= J62CD `hhg E@ a_a` :? E96 $@FE9H6DE 3@C56C=2?5D] %9:D C6AC6D6?ED 23@FE @?6 562E9 A6C 52J @G6C ac J62CD] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]4??]4@>^a_a`^`_^ah^A@=:E:4D^3@C56C\A2EC@=\C64@C5\3@C56C\562E9D\7:D42=\J62C\a_a`^:?56I]9E>=Qmu:D42= J62C a_a` D2H ddf 72E2=:E:6Dk^2m[ E96 9:896DE 562E9 E@== @? C64@C5]k^Am

kAm$:?46 E96D6 562E9D @44FC 2>@?8 2 4=2?56DE:?6 A@AF=2E:@?[ ?@ @?6 <?@HD H92E A6C46?E286 @7 E@E2= >:8C2?E EC:AD 6?5 :? EC2865J]k^Am

kAmqFE k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^5@:]@C8^`_]`_g_^_ggededd]a_`h]`df_ge`QmC6D62C49 @? E96 =@42E:@? @7 9F>2? C6>2:?Dk^2m 5@6D 56>@?DEC2E6 E92E 9:89\E649 DFCG6:==2?46 E@H6CD 92G6 AFD965 >:8C2?ED E@ >@C6 C6>@E6[ 2?5 >@C6 =6E92=[ EC2G6= C@FE6D 36J@?5 E96 K@?6D @7 56E64E:@?]k^Am

kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^:>286D]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^7:=6D^cffab_^@C:8:?2=^7:=6\a_aa_g_a\hdfd\GDAb5E];A8n:I=:3lC3\`]`]_U2>AjBlcdU2>Aj2FE@l7@C>2EU2>AjHl`___U2>Aj7:El4=:AQmk:>8 DC4lQ9EEADi^^:>286D]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^7:=6D^cffab_^@C:8:?2=^7:=6\a_aa_g_a\hdfd\GDAb5E];A8n:I=:3lC3\`]`]_U2>AjBlcdU2>Aj2FE@l7@C>2EU2>Aj2=ElQ H:5E9lQ`__TQ ^mk^2mk6>mrC@DD6D >2C< H96C6 C6>2:?D H6C6 7@F?5 @7 >:8C2?ED H9@ 5:65 ECJ:?8 E@ 4C@DD :?E@ E96 &]$] E9C@F89 E96 $@?@C2? s6D6CE :? pC:K@?2[ y2?] ac[ a_a`] k2 4=2DDlQD@FC46Q 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]86EEJ:>286D]4@>^56E2:=^?6HD\A9@E@^4C@DD6D\=67E\3J\3@C56C\24E:G:DED\>2C<\E96\=@42E:@?D\H96C6\?6HD\A9@E@^`ahheb`fecn25AA@AFAlECF6Qmp?5C6H {:49E6?DE6:?^r@C3:D G:2 v6EEJ x>286Dk^2mk^6>mk^Am

kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^4@FCE9@FD6?6HD]4@>^>:8C2?E\D>F88=:?8\:?\EC2:=6CD\2\3@@>:?8\3FD:?6DD\:?\E6I2D^Qmp?@E96C 52?86C@FD >6E9@5 @7 F?2FE9@C:K65 6?ECJk^2m[ 2D D66? :? $2? p?E@?:@[ :?G@=G6D 4C2>>:?8 A6@A=6 :?E@ A@@C=J G6?E:=2E65 DA246D =:<6 E96 324< @7 2 ECF4<] %96 9@A6 :D E@ EC2?DA@CE E96> 24C@DD E96 3@C56C 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?JE:>6D]4@>^a_aa^_e^ah^FD^E6I2D\>:8C2?ED\562E9D\ECF4<]9E>=Qm:?E@ E96 &]$] :?E6C:@Ck^2m F?56E64E65 3J 2FE9@C:E:6D]k^Am

kAm%96 @77:4:2= 562E9 E@==D 4:E65 23@G6 2C6 =:<6=J D6G6C6 F?56C4@F?ED] %96J 2C6 32D65 @? 3@5:6D @C 9F>2? C6>2:?D E92E 2C6 C6EC:6G65] qFE >2?J 4@CAD6D 2C6 ?6G6C C64@G6C65 3642FD6 @7 E96 C68:@?’D 2C5F@FD E6CC2:? 2?5 6?@C>@FD D:K6i %96 &]$]\|6I:4@ 3@F?52CJ :D 23@FE a[___ >:=6D =@?8] p 4@>3:?2E:@? @7 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]F4AC6DD]65F^3@@<^hfg_da_agafdh^E96\=2?5\@7\@A6?\8C2G6DQm3@5:=J 564@>A@D:E:@? 2?5 E96 D42EE6C:?8 @7 C6>2:?D 3J 2?:>2=Dk^2m 7FCE96C 6I246C32E6D E96 F?56C4@F?E:?8 AC@3=6>]k^Am

kAm%96 q@C56C !2EC@= k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]7@C36D]4@>^D:E6D^DEF2CE2?56CD@?^a_aa^_d^_c^3@C56C\A2EC@=\286?ED\92G6\>:DD65\E9@FD2?5D\@7\:>>:8C2?E\562E9D^nD9le_5`eg64e62aQm92D 2=D@ 72:=65 E@ :?4=F56 E9@FD2?5D @7 72E2=:E:6Dk^2m :? :ED @77:4:2= 4@F?ED] p44@C5:?8 E@ 2? pAC:= a_aa k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]82@]8@G^2DD6ED^82@\aa\`_d_db]A57Qm&]$] v@G6C?>6?E p44@F?E23:=:EJ ~77:46 C6A@CEk^2m[ rFDE@>D 2?5 q@C56C !C@E64E:@? “92D ?@E 4@==64E65 2?5 C64@C565[ @C C6A@CE65 E@ r@?8C6DD[ 4@>A=6E6 52E2 @? >:8C2?E 562E9D @C 5:D4=@D65 =:>:E2E:@?D H:E9 E96 52E2 :E 92D C6A@CE65]”k^Am

kAmx? E96 q@C56C !2EC@=’D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]43A]8@G^3@C56C\D64FC:EJ^2=@?8\FD\3@C56CD^3@C56C\A2EC@=\D64E@CD^EF4D@?\D64E@C\2C:K@?2Qm%F4D@? $64E@Ck^2m[ 7@C 6I2>A=6[ E96C6 H6C6 >@C6 E92? EH:46 2D >2?J 562E9D 2D E96 286?4J C6A@CE65 7C@> 7:D42= J62C a_`d E@ a_`h[ 244@C5:?8 E@ E96 C6A@CE]k^Am

k9am%96 |6I:4@\&$ 4@??64E:@?k^9am

kAmx? `hhh[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]24256>:2]65F^dgbdedb^w6J>2?0y@D:290|4r]0p0q@C56C0%92E0s:G:56D]0p0q@C56C0%92E0y@:?D05@H?=@2502G2:=23=60Qm2?E9C@A@=@8:DE y@D:29 w6J>2? >256 2 AC@G@42E:G6 DF886DE:@?k^2mi “%96 &?:E65 $E2E6D 2?5 |6I:4@ 2C6 C62==J @?6 F?:7:65[ :7 9:89=J F?6BF2=[ D@4:6EJ[” 96 HC@E6[ “5C2H? E@86E96C C2E96C E92? D6A2C2E65 3J E96 3@C56C]”k^Am

kAmq24< E96?[ |6I:4@ H2D E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D’ D64@?5\>@DE :>A@CE2?E EC25:?8 A2CE?6C] xE H2D 2=D@ E96 D@FC46 @7 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^D8A]72D]@C8^4CD^9@>6D64^#ce_`a]A57QmhgT @7 A6@A=6 2AAC696?565k^2m 3J E96 q@C56C !2EC@= :? E96 &]$] $@FE9H6DE] %96 7C66 >@G6>6?E @7 A6@A=6[ F?=:<6 4@>>6C4:2= 8@@5D[ H2D ?@E :?4=F565 :? }pu%p[ E96 `hhc k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]8@@8=6]4@>^D62C49n4=:6?ElD272C:U2>AjC=Dl6?U2>AjBl}@CE9Zp>6C:42?ZuC66Z%C256Zp8C66>6?EU2>Aj:6l&%u\gU2>Aj@6l&%u\gQm}@CE9 p>6C:42? uC66 %C256 p8C66>6?Ek^2m]k^Am

kAm%@52J[ @?6 4@F=5 62D:=J >2<6 2? @3D6CG2E:@? D:>:=2C E@ w6J>2?’D 23@FE vF2E6>2=2 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^9@H\FD\A@=:4J\:?\9@?5FC2D\D6E\E96\DE286\7@C\E@52JD\>:8C2E:@?\edhbdQmw@?5FC2Dk^2m :? C6=2E:@? E@ E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D] q@E9 >2:?E2:? 566A 2?5 3C@25 D@4:2=[ A@=:E:42= 2?5 64@?@>:4 E:6D H:E9 E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D] qFE E9@D6 E:6D 2C6 AC@7@F?5=J F?6BF2=] %96 &?:E65 $E2E6D 2=D@ 92D 2 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]H2D9:?8E@?A@DE]4@>^HA\DCG^:?2E=^52:=J^>2C49hh^8F2E6>2=2``]9E>Qm9:DE@CJ @7 :?E6CG6?E:@? :? r6?EC2= p>6C:42k^2m E92E[ C6D62C49 D9@HD[ 5:C64E=J 4@?EC:3FE6D E@ E96 :?DE23:=:EJ 2?5 :?D64FC:EJ E92E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^9@H\FD\A@=:4J\:?\9@?5FC2D\D6E\E96\DE286\7@C\E@52JD\>:8C2E:@?\edhbdQmD6E E96 DE286 7@C E@52J’D >:8C2E:@?k^2m]k^Am

kAmx? E96 27E6C>2E9 @7 E96 562E9D :? $2? p?E@?:@[ &]$] 2FE9@C:E:6D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]>D?]4@>^6?\FD^?6HD^FD^3:56?\25>:?\G@HD\E@\8@\27E6C\D>F88=6CD\@G6C\>:8C2?E\562E9D\2D\233@EE\A=246D\3=2>6^2C\pp*)hBAQm3=2>65 D>F88=6CD 7@C E96 72E2=:E:6Dk^2m] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]H9:E69@FD6]8@G^3C:67:?8\C@@>^DE2E6>6?ED\C6=62D6D^a_aa^_e^ag^DE2E6>6?E\3J\AC6D:56?E\3:56?\@?\E96\EC28:4\=@DD\@7\=:76\:?\D2?\2?E@?:@\E6I2D^Qm!C6D:56?E q:56?[ 7@C :?DE2?46[ D2:5k^2m E92E E96 562E9D “F?56CD4@C6 E96 ?665 E@ 8@ 27E6C E96 >F=E:3:==:@?\5@==2C 4C:>:?2= D>F88=:?8 :?5FDECJ AC6J:?8 @? >:8C2?ED]”k^Am

kAm$F49 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D52B]4@>^2CE:4=6D^E96\3@C56CD\E@==Tbp\>:8C2?ED\:?4C62D:?8=J\5:6\4C@DD:?8\:?E@\F]D]\7C@>\>6I:4@QmC6DA@?D6D 2C6 EJA:42= 7C@> (2D9:?8E@? 7@==@H:?8 DF49 EC2865:6Dk^2m] qFE E9:D 7C2>:?8 @3D4FC6D E92E >:8C2?ED’ 962GJ C6=:2?46 @? D>F88=6CD :D 2 5:C64E C6DF=E @7 E96 5C2>2E:4 8C@HE9 :? E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E’D $@FE9H6DE 3@C56C A@=:4:?8 DJDE6> 2?5 E96 2DD@4:2E65 56E6CC6?46 DEC2E68J] x? :ED @77:4:2= `hhc 5@4F>6?E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]9D5=]@C8^nG:6HU2>Aj5:5lfa`gcdQm@FE=:?:?8 E96 !C6G6?E:@? %9C@F89 s6E6CC6?46 DEC2E68Jk^2m[ E96 q@C56C !2EC@= 6G6? :?4=F565 2>@?8 :ED “:?5:42E@CD @7 DF446DD” 9:896C 766D 492C865 3J D>F88=6CD 2?5 :?4C62D:?8=J D@A9:DE:42E65 D>F88=:?8 >6E9@5D]k^Am

kAmx? @E96C H@C5D[ &]$] 2FE9@C:E:6D 2?E:4:A2E65 8C@HE9 :? E96 G6CJ :?5FDECJ E96J ?@H 564CJ] r@?D6BF6?E=J[ 562E9D C6>2:? 2 H2J @7 =:76 :? E96 3@C56C=2?5D]k^Am

kAm000k^Am

kAmk6>my@D6A9 }6G:?D :D 2 >6>36C @7 E96 65:E@C:2= 4@>>:EE66 @7 E96 }@CE9 p>6C:42? r@?8C6DD @? {2E:? p>6C:42 W}pr{pX]k^6>mk^Am

kAmk6>m000k^6>mk^Am